England’s concrete crisis could extend to hospitals and courts, experts say
Experts have said England’s growing buildings crisis could expand beyond schools to other public buildings such as hospitals and courts.
Their comments come after more than 100 schools were forced to partially or fully close this week after a dramatic escalation of the government’s approach towards crumbling concrete.
Labour has demanded an urgent audit of the government’s handling of longstanding fears about reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (Raac).
The Labour MP Meg Hillier,who chairs the public accounts committee, said Raac was “the tip of the iceberg” of maintenance issues within the school estate.
Writing for the Times, she said the state of some public buildings was “jaw-dropping”.
Newsnight revealed on Friday that it had seen reports from as far back as 1961 about aerated concrete concerns.
Raac, a lightweight building material, was commonly used in panel-form in public building construction from the 1950s to mid-1990s.
It is estimated to have a lifespan of 30 years, and many structures have now surpassed that age.
Chris Goodier, a professor of construction engineering and materials at Loughborough University, said “the scale of the problem is much bigger than schools”.
Matthew Byatt, the head of the Institution of Structural Engineers, said any high-rise buildings with flat roofs constructed between the late 1960s and earl 1990s could contain Raac.
Ministers have so far refused to publish the names of the affected schools or 34 other public buildings identified as containing Raac.
They include 24 hospitals, seven court buildings and four Department for Work and Pensions facilities.
Harrow crown court was reportedly forced to close last week because of the presence of Raac.
The current crisis comes despite repeated calls for action, including from councils, on the material following the collapse of a primary school roof in Kent in 2018.
The Office of Government Property (OGP) sent out a formal warning notice about Raac in 2021, underlining that it was “now life-expired and liable to collapse”.
The Department for Education (DfE) has been preparing contingency plans for schools since then, including surveys of facilities where the material was thought to be present.
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Government-commissioned surveyors rated the risk of identified Raac panels in schools from critical to low. Only those deemed critical were immediately closed for remedial work.
The DfE’s U-turn – which means all buildings or areas with Raac must close – follows instances where the material collapsed despite it being considered low risk.
Speaking to BBC Radio 4’s Today programme on Friday, the schools minister, Nick Gibb, said the department had discovered a “number of instances” over the summer.
This included a beam collapsing at one school, with no sign “that it was a critical risk”.
Gibb has also said the tally of 154 schools so far identified with the material was sure to rise.
The DfE has also received widespread criticism over the timing of its announcement, days before the start of a new academic year.
Sarah Skinner, the chief executive of Penrose Learning Trust, which has three affected schools, told the Today programme on Saturday that the notification on Thursday seemed “very late in the day”.
“That’s what’s created the problem, to now be trying to find temporary accommodation, temporary toilets, potential marquees on fields, free school meals if our kitchens are out of action,” she said.
Across Claydon primary school, Hadleigh high school and East Bergholt high school in Suffolk - which are operated by the trust - nearly 40 rooms are out of bounds, as well as a toilet block and a gym.
While temporary building hire and capital costs will be covered by the DfE, Skinner said she understood the trust would need to pay for desks, chairs and IT facilities in temporary classrooms at the three affected schools.
Government guidance to schools with identified Raac says it expects schools, councils and academy trusts to “cover additional revenue costs”.
“We are unsure at this point whether those costs would be recovered because they wouldn’t be deemed a capital cost,” she said.
Roger Gough, the Tory leader of Kent county council and planning and infrastructure spokesperson for the County Councils Network, told the programme that there could be “all sorts of costs that arise” for local authorities and schools due to closures and he urged the government for “clarity” on what would be funded.