2023: The year in figures and charts

2023 was marked by crisis, transition and conflict.

As the war in Ukraine dragged into its second year, the EU was confronted with yet another conflict on its doorstep: The Israel-Hamas war, which brought fresh instability to the Middle East and exacerbated divisions between EU countries.

Europe now heads into a big election year and governments are left grappling with major challenges: The lingering effects of the cost-of-living crisis, the impact of migration and an ever-warming planet.

From the toll of bloody wars to sky-high temperatures, here are the figures behind the topics that defined 2023.