What to know about U.S. military support for Israel after a year of war

The United States has provided Israel with billions of dollars’ worth of security assistance and weapons over the past year since it began retaliating for Hamas’s Oct. 7, 2023, attack. In addition, the Biden administration has deployed the U.S. military in direct support of Israel.

The Gaza conflict has since broadened into an invasion of southern Lebanon, amid fears of an even wider war. Ahead of Israel’s anticipated response to Iran’s missile attack on Israel earlier this month, the United States said Sunday that it would send a THAAD, or Terminal High Altitude Area Defense antimissile system, to Israel along with the U.S. military personnel needed to operate it.

The deployment, which places U.S. troops on the ground acting in Israel’s defense, comes after the U.S. military helped defend Israel against two large-scale Iranian missile attacks in April and October.

THAAD is one of the most advanced U.S. missile defense systems. It fires interceptors to destroy incoming ballistic missiles. Each interceptor is estimated to cost tens of millions of dollars, and a standard battery contains 48 interceptors.

Separate from the U.S. military’s own efforts in defense of Israel, Washington has significantly increased the amount of military assistance funding sent to Israel and has approved more sales of arms and equipment to the country. Israel had already received more U.S. military aid — and more U.S. aid of any type — than any other country since World War II.

Immediately after Hamas’s attack a year ago, President Joe Biden said he would “make sure Israel has what it needs to take care of its citizens, defend itself, and respond.” The spiraling death toll in Gaza — which now exceeds 42,000, according to the Health Ministry there — has led to increased scrutiny of Western military support for Israel.