DENMARK turned a page in its history today as Queen Margrethe abdicated the throne after half a century and her son became King Frederik X.
Over 100,000 turned up to watch the the dramatic royal spectacle - the first abdication in 900 years - as the smiling new king and queen waved from the balcony.
After a final procession in a horse-drawn carriage through the streets of Copenhagen, hugely popular Queen Margrethe, 83, signed the historic document in Christiansborg Palace.
It ended her 52-year reign and automatically made her son - the scandalous "party prince" - the new monarch.
She left the room with tears in her eyes, saying: "God bless the king."
Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen then proclaimed 55-year-old Frederik the new king on the balcony of the palace with his wife Queen Mary at his side.
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Australian-born Kate Middleton lookalike Mary is the first commoner to become queen in Denmark.
"It's just exciting that an ordinary person like us becomes a queen. It's very exciting!" said Judy Langtree, a retiree waiting outside Christiansborg who flew with her granddaughter from Brisbane, Australia to watch the succession.
Despite the freezing winter weather, huge crowds had gathered along the procession route and outside Christiansborg, bundled up in warm parkas and some wrapped in Danish flags to catch a glimpse of the new sovereign.
This is only the second time a Danish sovereign has stepped down - the last one was Erik III, almost nine centuries ago in 1146.
There was a heavy police presence in the capital, which was decked out in red-and-white flags for the occasion.
Aske Julius, a 27-year-old Copenhagen resident, called Margrethe "the embodiment of Denmark... the soul of the nation."
"More than half of the Danish population has never known anything else but the queen," he said.
Portraits and banners around the capital thanked the queen for her years of service, with cheeky signs in the metro declaring "Thanks for the Ride, Margrethe".
Others read "Long Live the King".
Apart from the abdication, the protocol was largely similar to previous royal successions in Denmark.
No foreign dignitaries or royals were invited, and there is no coronation or throne for the new monarch.
In a move that shocked Denmark, Margrethe chose to abdicate exactly 52 years to the day after she took over from her father, Frederik IX.
She had repeatedly insisted she would follow tradition and reign until her death and her own family was only informed three days prior.
She attributed her decision to health issues after undergoing major back surgery last year. Margrethe will retain her title of queen and may represent the royal family on occasion.
However, some royal commentators have suggested it was part of a “shrewd” bid to save her son's marriage amid claims of a cheating scandal.
Affair rumours emerged after Frederik was photographed with former MasterChef star Genoveva Casanova in Madrid in November, and they were spotted on a night out until 1am.
The TV star branded claims “malicious” and categorically untrue, but speculation continued after Crown Princess Mary was seen crying a fortnight ago and shared a cryptic post about loneliness.
Mary and Frederik, who met in a pub in Sydney, have been married for 19 years and share four children.
Other royal experts say that the queen's passing of the baton to her son will now give him time to flourish in his role as monarch.
"She thinks the crown prince is totally ready to take over. And she wants to avoid a situation like in Great Britain where Prince Charles became King Charles after the age of 70," historian Lars Hovbakke Sorensen said.
Frederik, who had been crown prince since the age of three, enjoys the support of more than 80 per cent of Danes - the same approval rating of his mother.
He is expected to bring his own style to the monarchy, which dates back to the 10th century Viking era.
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"He understood that he could not copy [the queen] and has managed to define his own image, his own ties to the Danish people," another historian, Bo Lidegaard, said.
While his mother is known for her love of the arts and is an accomplished writer and artist, Frederik is an avid sportsman who champions environmental causes.
