Russia shows resilience. There is more to do for Ukraine.

When Russia invaded Ukraine on Feb. 24, 2022, the response of the United States and its European allies was to impose economic sanctions on Russia and arm Ukraine for a prolonged war of resistance against Russian occupation. When Ukraine’s defenses proved much more robust than expected, pushing Russia’s army back and retaking territory, the U.S.-led coalition supporting Kyiv poured in advanced weapons and entertained hopes of outright victory. However, a Ukrainian counteroffensive fizzled last year; Russia has proven resilient, economically and militarily. Now, President Vladimir Putin is preparing for a long war, while Ukraine is struggling to rebound from a debilitating six-month pause in U.S. arms deliveries. The United States, and its allies, need to engage in their own fresh thinking about how best to help Ukraine fight back.